Dr. Bairy Laxmianarayna K is Professor of Pharmacology, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal and Director in the department of Manipal Centre of Clinical Research, Manipal University, Manipal, Karnataka India. After acquiring his MBBS degree from Medical College Bellary, Karnatakla University, he did his MD (Pharmacology) from Kasturba Medical College Manipal, Mangalore Univeristy and joined as faculty in the same department in the year 1985. He earned his PhD in Pharmacology in the year 1991. He has guided 15 MD postgraduates’ students and ten candidates for their doctoral program. He has presented about 50 research papers in various national and international conferences. He has delivered several invited talks at various National and International Conferences. Dr. Bairy has published about 210 research articles in various National and International peer reviewed journals. He is the recipient of Practitioner’s gold medal for standing first in Physiology in the Karnataka University Examination held in December, 1976 and Dr. T. M. A .Pai Gold medal for excellence in Medical Research for the year 1987 in Kasturba Medical College, India. Best Audio Visual Teaching Material-2014, Second Prize.

Zincovit oral drops, an advanced formulation of high concentration of vitamins, minerals, lysine and flaxseed oil is prescribed to children to boost immunity and supplement other nutrients. However, its effect on lipid profile is not known. The present study is to evaluate the influence of Zincovit oral drops on lipid profile in healthy Wistar rats. There was no significant difference in the serum triglyceride, total cholesterol, very low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol level among the Zincovit drop treated groups in comparison with the control group. Serum low-density lipoprotein cholesterol level was significantly decreased in the group of rats treated with 25 mg/kg/day (p=0.012) and 100 mg/kg/day (p=0.001) when compared with the normal control (untreated) group. Zincovit drops did not alter any lipid parameters except low density lipoprotein cholesterol and it is safe on chronic use.

Alwaleed Mohammed Ahmed Abdalatif Ali at 27 years completed masters (MSc.) Degree in clinical pharmacy from the Omdurman Islamic university. Published many local research regarding Use of antibiotic in surgery, management of GERD and new onset diabetes mellitus after transplantation (NODAT).my area of interest is in pharmacotherapy. Work at Fedail private Hospital and serving as PSM coordinator (Procurement &supply manger) of Malaria, AIDS and TB drugs at Sudanese people living with HIV association.

In recent years there has been a trend towards increasing the number of drugs that are available over the counter (OTC) without prescription. Simultaneously, community pharmacists have been encouraged to develop and extend their role. Self-medication for symptoms of gastro esophageal reflex is very common, usually with antacids, alginate, histamine2 receptor antagonist and proton pump inhibitor. The study aims to examine community pharmacists’ attitudes, perceptions and practices towards gastro esophageal reflux disease management. The method used was postal questionnaire to a sample of community pharmacists from Khartoum city-Sudan. Of 241 questionnaires sent, 241 were returned; an overall response rate of 100%.Fifty one percent of respondents knew the right definition of heartburn according to Montreal congress definition 2004. Ninety six percent of respondents were aware that lifestyle modifications positively help in GRED management. Most pharmacies suggest changing eating habits is the best treatment of GRED during pregnancy. Very few pharmacists stated that the drugs that worsen heartburn. Half of pharmacists provide corrected information about causes of heartburn during pregnancy. Pharmacists are aware of sing and symptoms associated with GRED that requires referral to doctor. Two third of pharmacists consider antacids as the most common dispensed OTC drugs class in community pharmacies. Regarding drug-drug interactions 58.5% of pharmacists admit that sodium and magnesium containing antacids interfere with Azithromycin, Quinolones and Tetracycline’s when used concomitantly.

Takuya Matsumoto has completed his Ph.D.from Tokyo University of Marine Science and Technology (TUMSAT) in 2008 and postdoctoral studies from TUMSAT in 2010 and Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo in 2012.He is now Assistant professor at Faculty of Life and Environmental Sciences, Prefectural University of Hiroshima.He has conducted a series of studies about pharmacokinetics of marine pufferfish toxin, and published more than 17 papers in journals related to the field of toxinology and marine biochemistry.

Pufferfish, the familyTetraodontidae, generally contain a potent neurotoxin, tetrodotoxin (TTX) that selectively binds to voltage-gated sodium channels in muscle and nerve tissues. Pufferfish mainly acquire the toxin through the food chain associated with biological concentration.In wild adult pufferfish, TTX mainly localized in high levels in the liver and ovary, although the distribution and accumulation of TTX is species-specific.We previously examined the pharmacokinetics of TTX in pufferfish Takifugu rubripesadultsfollowing single intravenous and gastrointestinal administration, and observed thatTTX was well absorbed into the systemic circulation from the gastrointestinal tractandtransferred into the liver. In this study,we investigated the tissue distribution and biliary excretion of TTX inpufferfish T. rubripes juveniles (6-month-old) for 24 h after intramuscular administration. The blood concentration of TTX was 0.53±0.15 mg/mL at 1 h, and gradually decreased to 0.05±0.01 mg/mL at 24 h after administration. The TTX concentration in the liver declined from 1.59 ± 0.10 mg/g at 1 h to 0.48±0.21 mg/g at 24 h. In contrast, the concentration of TTX in the gallbladder bile remarkably increased from 0.08±0.03 mg/mL at 1 h to 0.39±0.05 mg/mL at 8 hand remained at almost the same level at 24 h. These findings indicate that juveniles may have less ability to accumulate TTX inliver or greater ability to excrete the toxin fromliver, while adults have greater ability to accumulate more TTX in liver or less ability to excrete TTX.

Emilia sonchifolia (L.) DC. (Lilac tasselflower, yi dain hong) is a traditional herbal medicine commonly used in anti-inflammatory, detoxifying, antipyretic and anti-fever. In this study, we have investigated the hepatotoxic and tumorigenic pyrrolizidine alkaloids (PAs) contained in E. sonchifolia. The plant samples were collected from Taiwan for four seasons of the year. Alkaloid extracts were analyzed using liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (LC-ESI/MS) method. Quantitation of the individual PA was determined by linear regression curves with reference standards of senkirkine, senecionine and seneciphylline. Thirteen PAs of two types were identified in E. sonchifolia (by type): (1) otonecine bases, otosenine, petasitenine, desacetyldoronine, neosenkirkine, adonifoline, senkirkine, crotafoline, acetylotosenine, acetylpetasitenin, doronine and acetylsenkirkine; (2) retronecine bases, seneciphylline and senecionine, among which the senkirkine figured as a major PA ranging from 0.2 to 23.9 μg/g dry herb. The total content of toxics PAs for each sample ranged from 1.3 to 31.2 μg/g dry herb that were all higher than that (≧1 μg/g herb) recommended by Belgium and Germany not to be used clinically. The samples growing in summer were detected with the highest PAs concentrations and posed significant threat to human health and medicinal safety when consuming E. sonchifolia for herbal treatment.

Dr Indira Bairy, Professor of Microbiology has completed MD Microbiology in the year 1990 from Mangalore University and working as faculty at Manipal University. She has more than 100 publications in national and international indexed journals.She has more than 100 conference presentations She is the reviewer for national and international journals. She has guided MD and PhD students.

Antimicrobial combination therapy is used to provide broad-spectrum coverage, prevent the emergence of resistant mutants. Bactericidal activity of antibiotics is considered important in the treatment of severe infections and use of combinations of antibiotics with synergistic mechanism is recommended. In the present study we have tested for synergistic activity of lysostaphin with linezolid against methicillin resistant Staphylcoccus aureus (MRSA) isolates. Ten MRSA isolates which had oxacillinMIC(Minimun Inhibitory Concentration)>64 µg/ml were selected for study. Synergistic activity was determined by checker board methods in microtiter trays with cation-supplemented Mueller-Hinton broth. Lysostaphin (0.125to 8 µg/ml) was tested with the combination of linezolid (0.015 to 2 µg/ml). Fractional inhibitory concentrations (FICs) were interpreted as synergistic when values were ≤0.5, as additive or indifferent when values were >0.5 to 4.0, and as antagonistic when values were >4.0. Lysostaphin showed synergistic activity with linezolid at 1 µg/ml concentration. FIC indices ranged between 0.375 to 0.5. Synergistic activity was observed in all of the strains tested with the combination of 1 µg/ml of lysostaphin with 0.25 µg/ml of linezolid. Linezolid plays an important role in the treatment of infections due to MRSA strains. Despite the reported low frequencies of mutation to linezolid in vitro, the development of resistance among both Enterococcus and Staphylococcus species strains during linezolid therapy has been described previously. As Lysostaphincauses rapid lysis of bacterial cells, combination therapies that include linezolid and lysostaphin could be used in the future in life threatening infections such a endocarditis to increase the early in vivo activity of the drugs and to prevent emergence of linezolid resistant mutants.

Immaculate Langmia is a student at the University of Malaya in Malaysia. She obtained a master degree in Pharmacy at the University of Teknologi MARA (UiTM) and a bachelor degree with honors in Biochemistry at the University of Buea (UB) in Cameroon. She has work experience as a research assistant at the Pharmacogenomics Laboratory, University Malaya. Presently her area of research is focus on genomics as well pharmacogenomics, pharmacogenetics (drug metabolism) studies. She has been involved in research for the past few years with few publications in reputable journals. She is a member of Human Life Foundation (HLAF).

Preterm birth (PTB), which is defined as child birth before completion of 37 weeks of gestation is the largest single cause of neonatal mortality in the world. PTB is a multifactorial condition involving more than one biological pathway and until now, the molecular determinants of PTB have not been fully elucidated. Highly conserved single-stranded non-coding RNAs such as microRNAs (miRNA) that play important role in gene regulation have now been implicated in preterm birth complication. The objective of this study was to profile expression of microRNAs in women with preterm and term labor.

Mohammed Abdel Hafiez Mohammed Alhassan , has completed his B pharm from university of sciences and technology and post graduation study from university of Khartoum , and has participated in the national program for HIV , TB patients as clinical pharmacist in DARFOUR state , and has more than 10 contribution in relevant conferences , also has about 13 awareness and prevention puplications.

Atrial fibrillation (AF) is a supraventricular tachyarrhythmia characterized by uncoordinated atrial activation with consequent deterioration of mechanical function.Thromboembolic events are a possible consequence of such disease, so, a regimens of antithrombotic agents should be administered based on patient’s CHADS2 score (Cardiac failure, Hypertension, Age, Diabetes and stroke [doubled]) as prevention. Stratification of stroke risk is important, because the major risk of antithrombotic medications used to lower the incidence of AF related stroke is bleeding. Guidelines for the Primary Prevention of Stroke from American Heart Association/ American Stroke Association (AHA/ASA) recommended that the anticoagulant target INR range is 2.0–3.0.

Hea-Young Cho is an associate professor of College of Pharmacy at CHA University. She received herPh.D. degrees in Biopharmaceutical Science from Chonnam National University. She had been served as a postdoctoral fellow at the State University of New York at Buffalo, and Deputy Director of Clinical Trials Management Division at Korea Food & Drug Administration (KFDA). Her research of interest involves the investigation about PK/PD modeling and ADMET. She is currently an Associate Editor of The Journal of Pharmaceutical Investigationand a Scientific Chair of The Korean Society for Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technology.

Perfluorinated compounds (PFCs) are a group of the syntheticchemicals that have many manufacturing and industrial applications. The PFCs affected the neurotoxicity are highly stable, virtually non-biodegradableand extremely persistent. Perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA), Perfluorooctanesulfonic acid (PFOS) and Perfluorohexane sulfonic acid (PFHxS) are included in PFCs and these have been detected in the environment widely. This study was to develop and validate a simple, rapid and selective determination method of PFOA, PFOS and PFHxSfor rat plasma and tissue.The analytes and internal standards (IS) weresimply extracted byliquid-liquid extraction after protein precipitation with acetonitrile. Chromatography was carried out onHalo C18 column with a gradient mobile phase comprised of methanol and 5 mM ammonium acetate buffer. The three analytes were detected with a mass spectrometer using a multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) mode with negative electrospray ionization. The chromatograms showed good resolution and selectivity and no interference by plasma and tissue constituents. The standard curves for PFOA, PFOS and PFHxS in rat plasma and tissue samplewere linear over the concentration ranges of 1–1000 ng/ml with correlation coefficients greater than 0.995. Inter- or intra-batch coefficients of variation (CVs) were not exceeding ±15%. The lower limits of quantification (LLOQ) for plasma and tissuewere1 ng/mL.The validated method was successfully applied to characterize the pharmacokineticsand tissue distributionof PFOA, PFOS and PFHxSin rat after a single oral and/or IV administration.

High specific activity has been identified by screening the potential anticancer agents in the substance OR-2011 from the Nitrosourea class which was synthesized at the Institute of Organic Synthesis. I.J Postovsky, Ekaterinburg. A new lyophilized liposomal formulation (LLF) OR-2011 was developed for specialized and profound preclinical studies in I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University and in N.N. Blokhin Russian Cancer Research Center. The purpose of the study was a comparative study of the antitumor activity of a substance OR-2011 and OR-2011 LLF in an experimental model of Lewis lung carcinoma tumors.Substance OR-2011 at doses of 150 -200 mg/kg and the administration mode used in tumor-bearing mice inhibited dose-dependently, significantly and continuously the tumor growth of subcutaneous nodes (TGI 53-100%). LLF OR-2011 was administered to the mice intravenously once on day 2 of experiment at dose 200 mg/kg, also significantly and continuously inhibited the tumor growth (TGI 74-100%). The obtained results permit to recommend developed LLF OR-2011 for further preclinical studies with the aim of creating a new antitumor agent.